diff --git a/crates/psd/README.md b/crates/psd/README.md
index 80ced537a..f8ca51256 100644
--- a/crates/psd/README.md
+++ b/crates/psd/README.md
@@ -103,6 +103,12 @@ pixels::{samples_u16, samples_f32, u16_to_bytes, f32_to_bytes, unpack_bits, plan
 descriptor::{Descriptor, VersionedDescriptor, Value, Id, Class, ReferenceItem, UnicodeString, ObjectArray}
 Descriptor::from_bytes / to_bytes;  VersionedDescriptor::from_bytes / to_bytes (version 16)
 
+// Text engine data (`EngineData` in `TySh`, and the document's `Txt2`)
+engine_data::parse(&[u8]) -> Result<Value, ParseError>;  parse_lossy(&[u8]) -> Value;  write(&Value);  write_bare(&[(String, Value)])
+engine_data::Value::{Dict, Array, String, RawString, Int, Real, Bool, Name}   // RawString is written back as the same bytes
+engine_data::first_style(&Value) -> TextStyle   // font, size, fill, justification, tracking, leading, faux styles, box text
+engine_data::minimal(text, font, size, rgb, justification) -> Vec<u8>
+
 // Builder
 PsdBuilder::new(w, h).color_mode(..).depth(8|16).version(..).compression(..).resolution(dpi).icc_profile(..)
 builder.push_layer(LayerSpec) / begin_group(GroupSpec) / end_group()? / composite(PixelData)
@@ -149,7 +155,7 @@ allocations for padded channels return an error on failure.
 ### Preserved raw, not yet typed (parsers planned for M8)
 
 * Layer effects: `lfx2`, `lrFX`, `lmfx`. The descriptors inside can be parsed on demand with `VersionedDescriptor::from_bytes(&block.data[4..])`.
-* Type layers: `TySh`, `tySh`, and the EngineData inside them.
+* Type layers: `TySh`, `tySh`. The EngineData inside them has a parser and writer (`engine_data`); the blocks themselves are not typed.
 * Smart objects: `SoLd`, `PlLd`, `SoLE`, `lnk2`, `lnkD`, `lnk3`.
 * Vector masks and shapes: `vmsk`, `vsms`, `vogk`, `vscg`.
 * Adjustment and fill layers: `curv`, `levl`, `hue2`, `SoCo`, `GdFl`, `PtFl`, …, plus `Patt`, `Txt2`, `FMsk`, 3D and video blocks.
diff --git a/crates/psd/src/engine_data.rs b/crates/psd/src/engine_data.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6e391e429
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/psd/src/engine_data.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,700 @@
+//! Photoshop's `EngineData`: the PostScript-like text engine document stored in `TySh`.
+//!
+//! Syntax (from observation of real files and public notes): dictionaries `<< /Key value … >>`,
+//! arrays `[ … ]`, strings `( … )` holding UTF-16BE with a `FE FF` byte-order mark and `\`
+//! escapes, numbers (`12`, `-1.5`, `.5`), `true`/`false`, and `/Name` values.
+//!
+//! [`parse`] and [`write`] keep the document as a tree of [`Value`]s; what was parsed is written
+//! back in Photoshop's layout, and strings stored as plain bytes stay plain bytes.
+//! [`first_style`] is a typed view of the first style run, for readers that show a type layer
+//! without editing it; [`parse_lossy`] reads what it can of a damaged document for them.
+//! Nesting is limited to 64 levels.
+
+use std::fmt::Write as _;
+
+/// One EngineData value.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]
+pub enum Value {
+    /// `<< /Key value … >>`, in file order.
+    Dict(Vec<(String, Value)>),
+    /// `[ … ]`.
+    Array(Vec<Value>),
+    /// A string stored as UTF-16BE after the `FE FF` mark.
+    String(String),
+    /// A string the file stored as plain bytes, without the `FE FF` mark (one char per byte).
+    /// Kept apart from [`Value::String`] so it is written back as the same bytes: Photoshop
+    /// rejects a `Txt2` whose raw strings come back as UTF-16 (photocraft#9091).
+    RawString(String),
+    /// A number written without a fraction or exponent.
+    Int(i64),
+    /// A number written with a fraction or exponent.
+    Real(f64),
+    /// `true` or `false`.
+    Bool(bool),
+    /// `/Name` in value position.
+    Name(String),
+}
+
+impl Value {
+    /// The entry `key` of a dictionary.
+    pub fn get(&self, key: &str) -> Option<&Value> {
+        match self {
+            Value::Dict(items) => items.iter().find(|(k, _)| k == key).map(|(_, v)| v),
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
+    /// Item `i` of an array.
+    pub fn index(&self, i: usize) -> Option<&Value> {
+        self.as_array()?.get(i)
+    }
+    /// Follows a path of dictionary keys.
+    pub fn path(&self, keys: &[&str]) -> Option<&Value> {
+        keys.iter().try_fold(self, |v, k| v.get(k))
+    }
+    /// The entry `key` of a dictionary, mutably.
+    pub fn get_mut(&mut self, key: &str) -> Option<&mut Value> {
+        match self {
+            Value::Dict(items) => items.iter_mut().find(|(k, _)| k == key).map(|(_, v)| v),
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
+    /// Sets (or appends) a dictionary entry.
+    pub fn set(&mut self, key: &str, v: Value) {
+        if let Value::Dict(items) = self {
+            match items.iter_mut().find(|(k, _)| k == key) {
+                Some(e) => e.1 = v,
+                None => items.push((key.to_string(), v)),
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    /// A finite number.
+    pub fn as_f64(&self) -> Option<f64> {
+        match self {
+            Value::Int(i) => Some(*i as f64),
+            // `inf`, `nan` and `1e999` parse as reals but are never a valid style number.
+            Value::Real(r) if r.is_finite() => Some(*r),
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
+    /// A number as an integer (a real is truncated).
+    pub fn as_i64(&self) -> Option<i64> {
+        match self {
+            Value::Int(i) => Some(*i),
+            Value::Real(r) => Some(*r as i64),
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
+    /// A boolean; an integer counts as `true` when it is not zero.
+    pub fn as_bool(&self) -> Option<bool> {
+        match self {
+            Value::Bool(b) => Some(*b),
+            Value::Int(i) => Some(*i != 0),
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
+    /// The text of a string or a name.
+    pub fn as_str(&self) -> Option<&str> {
+        match self {
+            Value::String(s) | Value::RawString(s) | Value::Name(s) => Some(s),
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
+    /// The items of an array.
+    pub fn as_array(&self) -> Option<&[Value]> {
+        match self {
+            Value::Array(a) => Some(a),
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
+    /// An empty dictionary.
+    pub fn dict() -> Value {
+        Value::Dict(Vec::new())
+    }
+}
+
+/// Why an EngineData document did not parse: a message with the byte offset.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct ParseError(pub String);
+
+impl std::fmt::Display for ParseError {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "EngineData: {}", self.0)
+    }
+}
+impl std::error::Error for ParseError {}
+
+const MAX_DEPTH: usize = 64;
+
+struct Parser<'a> {
+    b: &'a [u8],
+    i: usize,
+    /// Best effort: damage ends the value being read instead of failing the document.
+    lenient: bool,
+}
+
+/// Bytes that end a bare token or a `/Name`.
+fn is_delimiter(c: u8) -> bool {
+    matches!(c, b' ' | b'\t' | b'\r' | b'\n' | b'[' | b']' | b'<' | b'>' | b'(' | b'/')
+}
+
+impl Parser<'_> {
+    fn ws(&mut self) {
+        while matches!(self.b.get(self.i), Some(b' ' | b'\t' | b'\r' | b'\n' | 0)) {
+            self.i += 1;
+        }
+    }
+    fn err<T>(&self, m: &str) -> Result<T, ParseError> {
+        Err(ParseError(format!("{m} at byte {}", self.i)))
+    }
+    fn value(&mut self, depth: usize) -> Result<Value, ParseError> {
+        if depth > MAX_DEPTH {
+            return self.err("nesting too deep");
+        }
+        self.ws();
+        match self.b.get(self.i) {
+            None => self.err("unexpected end"),
+            Some(b'<') if self.b.get(self.i + 1) == Some(&b'<') => {
+                self.i += 2;
+                self.dict(depth)
+            }
+            Some(b'[') => {
+                self.i += 1;
+                self.array(depth)
+            }
+            Some(b'(') => {
+                self.i += 1;
+                self.string()
+            }
+            Some(b'/') => Ok(Value::Name(self.name())),
+            Some(_) => self.token(),
+        }
+    }
+    /// The entries after `<<`.
+    fn dict(&mut self, depth: usize) -> Result<Value, ParseError> {
+        let mut items = Vec::new();
+        loop {
+            self.ws();
+            match self.b.get(self.i) {
+                Some(b'>') if self.b.get(self.i + 1) == Some(&b'>') => {
+                    self.i += 2;
+                    return Ok(Value::Dict(items));
+                }
+                Some(b'/') => {
+                    let k = self.name();
+                    match self.value(depth + 1) {
+                        Ok(v) => items.push((k, v)),
+                        Err(_) if self.lenient => return Ok(Value::Dict(items)),
+                        Err(e) => return Err(e),
+                    }
+                }
+                None if self.lenient => return Ok(Value::Dict(items)),
+                None => return self.err("unterminated dictionary"),
+                // Lenient: skip the byte that is not a key.
+                _ if self.lenient => self.i += 1,
+                _ => return self.err("expected key"),
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    /// The items after `[`.
+    fn array(&mut self, depth: usize) -> Result<Value, ParseError> {
+        let mut items = Vec::new();
+        loop {
+            self.ws();
+            match self.b.get(self.i) {
+                Some(b']') => {
+                    self.i += 1;
+                    return Ok(Value::Array(items));
+                }
+                None if self.lenient => return Ok(Value::Array(items)),
+                None => return self.err("unterminated array"),
+                _ => match self.value(depth + 1) {
+                    Ok(v) => items.push(v),
+                    Err(_) if self.lenient => return Ok(Value::Array(items)),
+                    Err(e) => return Err(e),
+                },
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    /// The string after `(`.
+    fn string(&mut self) -> Result<Value, ParseError> {
+        let mut raw = Vec::new();
+        loop {
+            match self.b.get(self.i) {
+                None if self.lenient => break,
+                None => return self.err("unterminated string"),
+                Some(b'\\') => {
+                    if let Some(&c) = self.b.get(self.i + 1) {
+                        raw.push(c);
+                    }
+                    self.i += 2;
+                }
+                Some(b')') => {
+                    self.i += 1;
+                    break;
+                }
+                Some(&c) => {
+                    raw.push(c);
+                    self.i += 1;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(decode_string(&raw))
+    }
+    /// A number, `true` or `false`.
+    fn token(&mut self) -> Result<Value, ParseError> {
+        let start = self.i;
+        while self.b.get(self.i).is_some_and(|&c| !is_delimiter(c)) {
+            self.i += 1;
+        }
+        let tok = self.b.get(start..self.i).and_then(|t| std::str::from_utf8(t).ok()).unwrap_or("");
+        let number = match tok {
+            "true" => return Ok(Value::Bool(true)),
+            "false" => return Ok(Value::Bool(false)),
+            "" => {
+                // A delimiter that starts no value (`>`, `]`), or bytes that are not UTF-8.
+                self.i = self.i.max(start + 1);
+                None
+            }
+            t if t.contains(['.', 'e', 'E']) => t.parse().ok().map(Value::Real),
+            t => t.parse().map(Value::Int).ok().or_else(|| t.parse().ok().map(Value::Real)),
+        };
+        match number {
+            Some(v) => Ok(v),
+            None if self.lenient => Ok(Value::Name(tok.to_string())),
+            None => self.err("bad token"),
+        }
+    }
+    fn name(&mut self) -> String {
+        self.i += 1; // '/'
+        let start = self.i;
+        while self.b.get(self.i).is_some_and(|&c| !is_delimiter(c)) {
+            self.i += 1;
+        }
+        String::from_utf8_lossy(self.b.get(start..self.i).unwrap_or_default()).into_owned()
+    }
+}
+
+fn decode_string(raw: &[u8]) -> Value {
+    if raw.len() >= 2 && raw[0] == 0xFE && raw[1] == 0xFF {
+        let u: Vec<u16> = raw[2..].as_chunks::<2>().0.iter().map(|c| u16::from_be_bytes([c[0], c[1]])).collect();
+        Value::String(String::from_utf16_lossy(&u))
+    } else {
+        Value::RawString(raw.iter().map(|&c| c as char).collect())
+    }
+}
+
+/// Parses an EngineData document (the top-level dictionary).
+pub fn parse(data: &[u8]) -> Result<Value, ParseError> {
+    let mut p = Parser { b: data, i: 0, lenient: false };
+    p.value(0)
+}
+
+/// Parses as much of a damaged EngineData document as can be read, for readers that only show
+/// the text: a truncated dictionary, array or string keeps what it has, a byte that starts no
+/// key is skipped, and a token that is no number becomes a [`Value::Name`]. Garbage gives an
+/// empty dictionary. What [`parse`] accepts comes out the same. The result is not meant to be
+/// written back.
+pub fn parse_lossy(data: &[u8]) -> Value {
+    let mut p = Parser { b: data, i: 0, lenient: true };
+    p.value(0).unwrap_or_else(|_| Value::dict())
+}
+
+/// Serializes in Photoshop's layout (tab-indented, one key per line).
+pub fn write(v: &Value) -> Vec<u8> {
+    let mut out = b"\n\n".to_vec();
+    write_value(v, 0, &mut out);
+    out.push(b'\n');
+    out
+}
+
+/// Serializes `/key value` pairs without an enclosing dictionary: the layout of the document's
+/// `Txt2` block, which a reader wraps in `<< >>` to parse.
+pub fn write_bare(items: &[(String, Value)]) -> Vec<u8> {
+    let mut out = b"\n\n".to_vec();
+    for (k, v) in items {
+        out.push(b'/');
+        out.extend_from_slice(k.as_bytes());
+        if is_container(v) {
+            out.push(b'\n');
+            indent(&mut out, 1);
+        } else {
+            out.push(b' ');
+        }
+        write_value(v, 1, &mut out);
+        out.push(b'\n');
+    }
+    out
+}
+
+fn indent(out: &mut Vec<u8>, n: usize) {
+    out.extend(std::iter::repeat_n(b'\t', n));
+}
+
+fn is_container(v: &Value) -> bool {
+    matches!(v, Value::Dict(_)) || matches!(v, Value::Array(a) if a.iter().any(|x| matches!(x, Value::Dict(_) | Value::Array(_))))
+}
+
+fn write_value(v: &Value, depth: usize, out: &mut Vec<u8>) {
+    match v {
+        Value::Dict(items) => {
+            out.extend_from_slice(b"<<\n");
+            for (k, v) in items {
+                indent(out, depth + 1);
+                out.push(b'/');
+                out.extend_from_slice(k.as_bytes());
+                if is_container(v) {
+                    out.push(b'\n');
+                    indent(out, depth + 1);
+                } else {
+                    out.push(b' ');
+                }
+                write_value(v, depth + 1, out);
+                out.push(b'\n');
+            }
+            indent(out, depth);
+            out.extend_from_slice(b">>");
+        }
+        Value::Array(items) if is_container(v) => {
+            out.extend_from_slice(b"[\n");
+            for x in items {
+                indent(out, depth);
+                write_value(x, depth, out);
+                out.push(b'\n');
+            }
+            indent(out, depth);
+            out.push(b']');
+        }
+        Value::Array(items) => {
+            out.push(b'[');
+            for x in items {
+                out.push(b' ');
+                write_value(x, depth, out);
+            }
+            out.extend_from_slice(b" ]");
+        }
+        Value::RawString(s) if s.chars().all(|c| u32::from(c) <= 0xFF) => {
+            out.push(b'(');
+            for c in s.chars() {
+                let c = u32::from(c) as u8;
+                if matches!(c, b'(' | b')' | b'\\') {
+                    out.push(b'\\');
+                }
+                out.push(c);
+            }
+            out.push(b')');
+        }
+        Value::String(s) | Value::RawString(s) => {
+            out.push(b'(');
+            let mut raw = vec![0xFE, 0xFF];
+            for u in s.encode_utf16() {
+                raw.extend_from_slice(&u.to_be_bytes());
+            }
+            for c in raw {
+                if matches!(c, b'(' | b')' | b'\\') {
+                    out.push(b'\\');
+                }
+                out.push(c);
+            }
+            out.push(b')');
+        }
+        Value::Int(i) => {
+            let _ = write!(Wrap(out), "{i}");
+        }
+        Value::Real(r) => out.extend_from_slice(format_real(*r).as_bytes()),
+        Value::Bool(b) => out.extend_from_slice(if *b { b"true" } else { b"false" }),
+        Value::Name(n) => {
+            out.push(b'/');
+            out.extend_from_slice(n.as_bytes());
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+struct Wrap<'a>(&'a mut Vec<u8>);
+impl std::fmt::Write for Wrap<'_> {
+    fn write_str(&mut self, s: &str) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        self.0.extend_from_slice(s.as_bytes());
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+/// Photoshop style: `1.0`, `.5`, `-.25`.
+fn format_real(r: f64) -> String {
+    if !r.is_finite() {
+        return "0.0".into();
+    }
+    if r.fract() == 0.0 && r.abs() < 1e15 {
+        return format!("{r:.1}");
+    }
+    let mut s = format!("{r:.5}");
+    while s.ends_with('0') {
+        s.pop();
+    }
+    if matches!(s.as_str(), "0." | "-0.") {
+        return "0.0".into();
+    }
+    if s.ends_with('.') {
+        s.push('0');
+    }
+    if let Some(rest) = s.strip_prefix("0.") {
+        s = format!(".{rest}");
+    } else if let Some(rest) = s.strip_prefix("-0.") {
+        s = format!("-.{rest}");
+    }
+    s
+}
+
+/// The character and paragraph attributes of a type layer's first style run: what a reader that
+/// shows the text in one style needs. Attributes the run leaves out come from the document's
+/// first (normal) style sheet.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]
+pub struct TextStyle {
+    /// PostScript name of the font.
+    pub font: Option<String>,
+    /// Font size in points, at most 10 000.
+    pub size: Option<f64>,
+    /// Fill colour, RGB in 0..1.
+    pub color: Option<[f64; 3]>,
+    /// 0 left, 1 right, 2 centre, 3 and above the justified variants.
+    pub justification: Option<u8>,
+    /// Tracking in 1/1000 em, within ±100 000.
+    pub tracking: Option<f64>,
+    /// Leading in points, within ±100 000; `None` for automatic leading.
+    pub leading: Option<f64>,
+    /// Faux bold.
+    pub faux_bold: bool,
+    /// Faux italic.
+    pub faux_italic: bool,
+    /// Paragraph (box) text rather than point text.
+    pub box_text: bool,
+}
+
+/// Upper bound for a font size in points (Photoshop's own limit is 1296 pt).
+const MAX_FONT_SIZE: f64 = 10_000.0;
+/// Bound for tracking (1/1000 em) and leading (points).
+const MAX_SPACING: f64 = 100_000.0;
+
+/// The first style run of a parsed EngineData document (see [`TextStyle`]). Missing and
+/// non-finite values are `None`; sizes and spacings are clamped to sane bounds.
+pub fn first_style(ed: &Value) -> TextStyle {
+    let engine = ed.get("EngineDict").unwrap_or(ed);
+    let resources = ed.get("ResourceDict").or_else(|| ed.get("DocumentResources"));
+    let run = engine.path(&["StyleRun", "RunArray"]).and_then(|a| a.index(0)).and_then(|r| r.path(&["StyleSheet", "StyleSheetData"]));
+    let normal = resources.and_then(|r| r.get("StyleSheetSet")).and_then(|a| a.index(0)).and_then(|s| s.get("StyleSheetData"));
+    let attr = |k: &str| run.and_then(|r| r.get(k)).or_else(|| normal.and_then(|n| n.get(k)));
+    let num = |k: &str| attr(k).and_then(Value::as_f64);
+    let font = num("Font")
+        .and_then(|i| resources?.get("FontSet")?.index(i as usize)?.get("Name"))
+        .and_then(Value::as_str)
+        .map(|s| s.trim_end_matches('\0').to_string());
+    let color = attr("FillColor").and_then(|c| c.get("Values")).and_then(Value::as_array).and_then(|a| match a {
+        [_, r, g, b, ..] => Some([r.as_f64()?, g.as_f64()?, b.as_f64()?]),
+        _ => None,
+    });
+    let para = engine.path(&["ParagraphRun", "RunArray"]).and_then(|a| a.index(0)).and_then(|r| r.path(&["ParagraphSheet", "Properties"]));
+    let para_normal = resources.and_then(|r| r.get("ParagraphSheetSet")).and_then(|a| a.index(0)).and_then(|s| s.get("Properties"));
+    let justification = para
+        .and_then(|p| p.get("Justification"))
+        .or_else(|| para_normal.and_then(|p| p.get("Justification")))
+        .and_then(Value::as_f64)
+        .map(|n| n as u8);
+    let auto_leading = attr("AutoLeading").is_none_or(|v| *v != Value::Bool(false));
+    let shape = engine.path(&["Rendered", "Shapes", "Children"]).and_then(|a| a.index(0)).and_then(|s| s.get("ShapeType"));
+    TextStyle {
+        font,
+        size: num("FontSize").filter(|s| *s > 0.0).map(|s| s.min(MAX_FONT_SIZE)),
+        color,
+        justification,
+        tracking: num("Tracking").map(|t| t.clamp(-MAX_SPACING, MAX_SPACING)),
+        leading: if auto_leading { None } else { num("Leading").map(|l| l.clamp(-MAX_SPACING, MAX_SPACING)) },
+        faux_bold: attr("FauxBold") == Some(&Value::Bool(true)),
+        faux_italic: attr("FauxItalic") == Some(&Value::Bool(true)),
+        box_text: shape.and_then(Value::as_f64) == Some(1.0),
+    }
+}
+
+/// A minimal EngineData document for a type layer with one style run: the text, one font, its
+/// size in points, an RGB fill in 0..1 and the justification ([`TextStyle::justification`]).
+pub fn minimal(text: &str, font: &str, size: f64, color: [f64; 3], justification: u8) -> Vec<u8> {
+    let dict = |items: Vec<(&str, Value)>| Value::Dict(items.into_iter().map(|(k, v)| (k.to_string(), v)).collect());
+    let run = |sheet: Value| dict(vec![("RunArray", Value::Array(vec![sheet]))]);
+    let fill = Value::Array(vec![Value::Real(1.0), Value::Real(color[0]), Value::Real(color[1]), Value::Real(color[2])]);
+    let style = dict(vec![
+        ("Font", Value::Int(0)),
+        ("FontSize", Value::Real(size)),
+        ("FillColor", dict(vec![("Type", Value::Int(1)), ("Values", fill)])),
+        ("AutoLeading", Value::Bool(true)),
+    ]);
+    let paragraph = dict(vec![("Properties", dict(vec![("Justification", Value::Int(i64::from(justification)))]))]);
+    let engine = dict(vec![
+        ("Editor", dict(vec![("Text", Value::String(format!("{text}\r")))])),
+        ("ParagraphRun", run(dict(vec![("ParagraphSheet", paragraph)]))),
+        ("StyleRun", run(dict(vec![("StyleSheet", dict(vec![("StyleSheetData", style)]))]))),
+    ]);
+    let fonts = Value::Array(vec![dict(vec![("Name", Value::String(font.to_string())), ("Type", Value::Int(0))])]);
+    write(&dict(vec![("EngineDict", engine), ("ResourceDict", dict(vec![("FontSet", fonts)]))]))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    const SAMPLE: &[u8] = b"\n\n<<\n\t/EngineDict\n\t<<\n\t\t/Editor\n\t\t<<\n\t\t\t/Text (\xFE\xFF\x00H\x00i\x00\\)\x00\r)\n\t\t>>\n\t\t/Nums [ 1.0 .5 -2 0 ]\n\t\t/Flag true\n\t\t/Kind /Roman\n\t\t/Runs [\n\t\t<<\n\t\t\t/A 1\n\t\t>>\n\t\t]\n\t>>\n>>";
+
+    #[test]
+    fn format_real_never_ends_with_bare_dot() {
+        assert_eq!(format_real(5.000001), "5.0");
+        assert_eq!(format_real(12.000004), "12.0");
+        assert_eq!(format_real(-5.000001), "-5.0");
+        assert_eq!(format_real(1e20), "100000000000000000000.0");
+        assert_eq!(format_real(0.5), ".5");
+        assert_eq!(format_real(-0.25), "-.25");
+        assert_eq!(format_real(1e-9), "0.0");
+        assert_eq!(format_real(3.0), "3.0");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn parses_sample() {
+        let v = parse(SAMPLE).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(v.path(&["EngineDict", "Editor", "Text"]).and_then(Value::as_str), Some("Hi)\r"));
+        let nums: Vec<f64> = v.path(&["EngineDict", "Nums"]).unwrap().as_array().unwrap().iter().filter_map(Value::as_f64).collect();
+        assert_eq!(nums, [1.0, 0.5, -2.0, 0.0]);
+        assert_eq!(v.path(&["EngineDict", "Flag"]).and_then(Value::as_bool), Some(true));
+        assert_eq!(v.path(&["EngineDict", "Kind"]), Some(&Value::Name("Roman".into())));
+        assert_eq!(v.path(&["EngineDict", "Runs"]).unwrap().as_array().unwrap()[0].get("A").and_then(Value::as_i64), Some(1));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn raw_strings_are_written_back_as_the_same_bytes() {
+        let v = parse(b"<< /2 (0100\\)) /3 (\xFE\xFF\x00h) >>").unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(v.get("2"), Some(&Value::RawString("0100)".into())));
+        assert_eq!(v.get("2").and_then(Value::as_str), Some("0100)"));
+        assert_eq!(v.get("3"), Some(&Value::String("h".into())));
+        let bytes = write(&v);
+        assert!(bytes.windows(8).any(|w| w == b"(0100\\))"), "{:?}", String::from_utf8_lossy(&bytes));
+        assert_eq!(parse(&bytes).unwrap(), v);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn write_parse_roundtrip() {
+        let v = parse(SAMPLE).unwrap();
+        let bytes = write(&v);
+        assert_eq!(parse(&bytes).unwrap(), v);
+        // Stable: writing twice gives identical bytes.
+        assert_eq!(write(&parse(&bytes).unwrap()), bytes);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn reals_format_like_photoshop() {
+        assert_eq!(format_real(1.0), "1.0");
+        assert_eq!(format_real(0.5), ".5");
+        assert_eq!(format_real(-0.25), "-.25");
+        assert_eq!(format_real(12.125), "12.125");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn tiny_reals_round_trip_as_numbers() {
+        for value in [0.000004, -0.000004] {
+            assert_eq!(format_real(value), "0.0");
+            let source = Value::Dict(vec![(
+                "EngineDict".into(),
+                Value::Dict(vec![("StyleRun".into(), Value::Array(vec![Value::Dict(vec![("BaselineShift".into(), Value::Real(value))])]))]),
+            )]);
+            let encoded = write(&source);
+            let parsed = parse(&encoded).unwrap();
+            let baseline_shift = parsed
+                .path(&["EngineDict", "StyleRun"])
+                .and_then(Value::as_array)
+                .and_then(|runs| runs.first())
+                .and_then(|run| run.get("BaselineShift"))
+                .and_then(Value::as_f64);
+            assert_eq!(baseline_shift, Some(0.0));
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn first_style_reads_a_minimal_document() {
+        let b = minimal("Hi (there)", "Arial-BoldMT", 36.0, [1.0, 0.5, 0.0], 2);
+        let v = parse(&b).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(v.path(&["EngineDict", "Editor", "Text"]).and_then(Value::as_str), Some("Hi (there)\r"));
+        let st = first_style(&v);
+        assert_eq!(st.font.as_deref(), Some("Arial-BoldMT"));
+        assert_eq!(st.size, Some(36.0));
+        assert_eq!(st.color, Some([1.0, 0.5, 0.0]));
+        assert_eq!(st.justification, Some(2));
+        assert_eq!(st.leading, None);
+        assert!(!st.box_text && !st.faux_bold && !st.faux_italic);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn first_style_falls_back_to_the_normal_style_sheet_and_reads_box_text() {
+        let v = parse(
+            b"<< /EngineDict << /StyleRun << /RunArray [ << /StyleSheet << /StyleSheetData << /FauxBold true >> >> >> ] >> \
+              /Rendered << /Shapes << /Children [ << /ShapeType 1 >> ] >> >> >> \
+              /ResourceDict << /FontSet [ << /Name (A) >> << /Name (B) >> ] \
+              /StyleSheetSet [ << /StyleSheetData << /Font 1 /FontSize 12.0 /Tracking 50 /AutoLeading false /Leading 14.5 >> >> ] \
+              /ParagraphSheetSet [ << /Properties << /Justification 1 >> >> ] >> >>",
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+        let st = first_style(&v);
+        assert_eq!(st.font.as_deref(), Some("B"));
+        assert_eq!((st.size, st.tracking, st.leading), (Some(12.0), Some(50.0), Some(14.5)));
+        assert_eq!(st.justification, Some(1));
+        assert!(st.faux_bold && !st.faux_italic && st.box_text);
+    }
+
+    /// Sizes and spacings are untrusted: non-finite values are dropped and huge ones clamped.
+    #[test]
+    fn first_style_drops_non_finite_numbers_and_clamps_the_rest() {
+        let sheet = |attrs: &str| {
+            let doc = format!("<< /EngineDict << /StyleRun << /RunArray [ << /StyleSheet << /StyleSheetData << {attrs} >> >> >> ] >> >> >>");
+            first_style(&parse(doc.as_bytes()).unwrap())
+        };
+        let st = sheet("/FontSize nan /Tracking inf /Leading -inf /AutoLeading false");
+        assert_eq!((st.size, st.tracking, st.leading), (None, None, None));
+        let st = sheet("/FontSize 1e300 /Tracking -1e300 /AutoLeading false /Leading 1e300");
+        assert_eq!((st.size, st.tracking, st.leading), (Some(MAX_FONT_SIZE), Some(-MAX_SPACING), Some(MAX_SPACING)));
+        assert_eq!(sheet("/FontSize -4").size, None);
+        assert_eq!(first_style(&Value::dict()), TextStyle::default());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn nesting_deeper_than_the_limit_is_an_error() {
+        let nested = |n: usize| [vec![b'['; n], vec![b']'; n]].concat();
+        assert!(parse(&nested(MAX_DEPTH)).is_ok());
+        assert!(parse(&nested(MAX_DEPTH + 2)).is_err());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn parse_lossy_keeps_what_a_damaged_document_holds() {
+        // What the strict parser accepts comes out the same.
+        assert_eq!(parse_lossy(SAMPLE), parse(SAMPLE).unwrap());
+        // Truncated inside a string inside an array inside a dictionary.
+        let v = parse_lossy(b"<< /A [ 1 2 << /B (unterminated");
+        assert_eq!(v.get("A").and_then(|a| a.index(1)).and_then(Value::as_i64), Some(2));
+        assert_eq!(v.get("A").and_then(|a| a.index(2)).and_then(|d| d.get("B")).and_then(Value::as_str), Some("unterminated"));
+        // A byte that starts no key is skipped; a bad token is a name, not a number.
+        let v = parse_lossy(b"<< ] /Size 12.0 /Bad 1.2.3 /After true >>");
+        assert_eq!(v.get("Size").and_then(Value::as_f64), Some(12.0));
+        assert_eq!(v.get("Bad"), Some(&Value::Name("1.2.3".into())));
+        assert_eq!(v.get("After"), Some(&Value::Bool(true)));
+        // Garbage and every truncation: no panic, no hang.
+        assert_eq!(parse_lossy(b""), Value::dict());
+        let _ = parse_lossy(b"]]]>>>> /x");
+        let _ = parse_lossy(&[0xFF; 64]);
+        for cut in 0..SAMPLE.len() {
+            let _ = parse_lossy(&SAMPLE[..cut]);
+        }
+        // Nesting past the limit ends there; the outer levels stay.
+        let deep = [b"<< /K ".as_slice(), &[b'['; 200]].concat();
+        assert!(matches!(parse_lossy(&deep).get("K"), Some(Value::Array(_))));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn malformed_input_never_panics() {
+        for cut in 0..SAMPLE.len() {
+            let _ = parse(&SAMPLE[..cut]);
+        }
+        assert!(parse(b"<< /A").is_err());
+        assert!(parse(&[b'['; 200]).is_err());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/crates/psd/src/lib.rs b/crates/psd/src/lib.rs
index 17b081aa8..0aee070e0 100644
--- a/crates/psd/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/psd/src/lib.rs
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 //! * [`Head`] reads only the header, colour mode data and image resources (size, ICC profile,
 //!   EXIF, XMP) from the start of a file, without the layers or pixels.
 //! * [`descriptor`] parses and writes ActionDescriptors.
+//! * [`engine_data`] parses and writes the text engine document of type layers.
 //!
 //! Implemented clean-room from Adobe's public "Photoshop File Formats
 //! Specification". Undocumented details that follow MIT-licensed psd-tools
@@ -55,6 +56,7 @@ mod codepage;
 pub mod compression;
 pub mod csh;
 pub mod descriptor;
+pub mod engine_data;
 pub mod error;
 pub mod file;
 pub mod filter_effects;