diff --git a/crates/eps/src/import/tests_cid.rs b/crates/eps/src/import/tests_cid.rs
index a8ec2304b3..d43a80d782 100644
--- a/crates/eps/src/import/tests_cid.rs
+++ b/crates/eps/src/import/tests_cid.rs
@@ -213,6 +213,22 @@ fn type2_cidfonts_draw_their_truetype_glyphs_through_cidmap() {
     }
 }
 
+/// A `cshow` procedure over a Type 2 CIDFont without a `FontMatrix` sees the CIDFont current at
+/// the scale its glyphs are drawn at: an em of the composite font's size, as with the identity.
+#[test]
+fn cshow_over_a_type2_cidfont_without_a_matrix_sees_it_at_its_drawn_scale() {
+    let (h, i) = (glyph('H').0, glyph('I').0);
+    let with = cid2_font(&format!("<0000{h:04x}{i:04x}>"));
+    let without = with.replace("/FontMatrix [1 0 0 1 0 0] def", "");
+    assert_ne!(with, without);
+    for fonts in [with, without] {
+        check(&format!(
+            "{fonts}/T2 /Identity-H [/TestCID2] composefont 50 scalefont setfont \
+             {{pop pop pop currentfont /FontMatrix get 0 get /m exch def}} <0001> cshow m 50 sub abs 0.01 lt"
+        ));
+    }
+}
+
 /// `Identity-V`: each glyph an em below the one before (writing mode 1).
 #[test]
 fn identity_v_sets_glyphs_downwards() {
diff --git a/crates/eps/src/import/tests_composite.rs b/crates/eps/src/import/tests_composite.rs
index 47e8bfd574..ff3b3382d3 100644
--- a/crates/eps/src/import/tests_composite.rs
+++ b/crates/eps/src/import/tests_composite.rs
@@ -141,6 +141,23 @@ fn cshow_runs_once_for_each_composite_character_in_its_descendant() {
     super::tests::check(&format!("{two} /Comp findfont 50 scalefont setfont [ {{pop pop}} (\\001\\002) cshow ] dup length 1 eq exch 0 get 2 eq and"));
 }
 
+/// A `cshow` procedure over a Type 42 descendant without a `FontMatrix` sees it current at the
+/// scale its characters are drawn at: another character it measures there is as wide as the
+/// composite font sets it, as with the identity.
+#[test]
+fn cshow_over_a_type42_descendant_without_a_matrix_sees_it_at_its_drawn_scale() {
+    let (_, wi) = glyph('I');
+    let with = fonts();
+    let without = with.replacen("/FontType 42 def /FontMatrix [1 0 0 1 0 0] def", "/FontType 42 def", 1);
+    assert_ne!(with, without);
+    for fonts in [with, without] {
+        super::tests::check(&format!(
+            "{fonts} /Comp findfont 50 scalefont setfont {{pop pop pop (\\002) stringwidth pop /w exch def}} (\\000\\001) cshow w {} sub abs 0.01 lt",
+            50.0 * wi
+        ));
+    }
+}
+
 /// `kshow` runs its procedure between each two characters of a composite font, with the values of
 /// their codes (font number times 256 plus code), and the next character follows where it moves
 /// the current point (PLRM 3rd ed., `kshow`).
diff --git a/crates/eps/src/import/text.rs b/crates/eps/src/import/text.rs
index 4a52aed9a5..1c76af774c 100644
--- a/crates/eps/src/import/text.rs
+++ b/crates/eps/src/import/text.rs
@@ -1377,7 +1377,15 @@ impl Interp<'_> {
             // size, so a huge font dictionary in a loop runs out of the budget.
             let entries = g.font.borrow().len();
             self.spend(entries as u64)?;
-            let selected = transformed(&g.font, g.outer);
+            // Without a matrix, a Type 42 font or a Type 2 CIDFont is in ems, as `composite_glyph`
+            // and `cid_glyph_at` draw it.
+            let selected = {
+                let f = g.font.borrow();
+                let default = if units(&f) == 1.0 { 1.0 } else { 0.001 };
+                let mut d = f.clone();
+                d.insert(Key::name("FontMatrix"), matrix_obj(g.outer * font_matrix(&f, default)));
+                DictRef::new(d)
+            };
             self.cshow = Some(CShowFont { selected: selected.clone(), root: composite.clone(), code: None, mapped: Some(g.clone()) });
             self.g.font = Some(selected);
             let go = self.body(proc);